Abstract

Traditional flow velocity sensors have limitations such as limited accuracy,environmental interference, and dependence on power supply. Thehigh-precision measurement and stable output of the flow velocity sensor areof great significance for the accuracy and reliability of marine environmentalmonitoring. The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), an emerging technologyfor energy harvesting and sensing, offers a promising solution for real-timeflow velocity monitoring. This paper presents a core-sheath structuredtriboelectric nanogenerator (CS-TENG) with an innovative design featuringflexible materials to enhance environmental adaptability. By leveraging thevortex-induced vibration (VIV) effect, the device achieves efficient fluid kineticenergy harvesting through VIV-induced mechanical vibration coupling,enabling omnidirectional flow velocity measurement. The experimental resultsshow that the frequency of the output signal from CS-TENG has a good linearrelationship with the flow velocity, specifically, within a flow velocity range of0.297-0.931 m s-1, the correlation coefficient reached to 0.992. Wirelessreal-time flow velocity monitoring is achieved by integrating the MCU with theLoRa. The results show that the CS-TENG, as a high-precision active sensor,provides an intelligent solution for marine environmental monitoring.